zabbix 有一个 API 接口，可以调用这些几口来自动添加主机，查询 zabbix 中监控的主机，监控的模板、监控的主机组等信息，使用也非常的方便。以下是用 python 调用 zabbix 的 API 接口来实现上述功能：
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import jsonimport urllib2import sysclass zabbixtools: def __init__(self):self.url = "http://192.168.100.200/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"self.header = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}self.authID = self.user_login def user_login(self):data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": {"user": "Admin","password": "zabbix"}, "id": 0 })request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)for key in self.header: request.add_header(key,self.header[key])try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request)except URLError as e: print "Auth Failed, Please Check Your Name And Password:",e.codeelse: response = json.loads(result.read) result.close authID = response[\'result\'] return authID def get_data(self,data,hostip=""):request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)for key in self.header: request.add_header(key,self.header[key])try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request)except URLError as e: if hasattr(e, \'reason\'):print \'We failed to reach a server.\'print \'Reason: \', e.reason elif hasattr(e, \'code\'):print \'The server could not fulfill the request.\'print \'Error code: \', e.code return 0else: response = json.loads(result.read) result.close return response def host_get(self,hostip):#hostip = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % \'Enter Your Check Host:Host_ip :\')data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.get", "params": {"output":["hostid","name","status","host"],"filter": {"host": [hostip]}}, "auth": self.authID, "id": 1})res = self.get_data(data)[\'result\']if (res != 0) and (len(res) != 0): #for host in res: host = res[0] if host[\'status\'] == \'1\':print "t","\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Host_IP:","\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % host[\'host\'].ljust(15),\'t\',"\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Host_Name:","\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % host[\'name\'].encode(\'GBK\'),\'t\',"\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % u\'未在监控状态\'.encode(\'GBK\')return host[\'hostid\'] elif host[\'status\'] == \'0\':print "t","\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Host_IP:","\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % host[\'host\'].ljust(15),\'t\',"\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Host_Name:","\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % host[\'name\'].encode(\'GBK\'),\'t\',"\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % u\'在监控状态\'.encode(\'GBK\')return host[\'hostid\'] printelse: print \'t\',"\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Get Host Error or cannot find this host,please check !" return 0 def host_del(self):hostip = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % \'Enter Your Check Host:Host_ip :\')hostid = self.host_get(hostip)if hostid == 0: print \'t\',"\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "This host cannot find in zabbix,please check it !" sys.exitdata = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.delete", "params": [{"hostid": hostid}], "auth": self.authID, "id": 1})res = self.get_data(data)[\'result\']if \'hostids\' in res.keys: print "t","\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Delet Host:%s success !" % hostipelse: print "t","\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Delet Host:%s failure !" % hostip def hostgroup_get(self):data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.get", "params": {"output": "extend",}, "auth": self.authID, "id": 1, })res = self.get_data(data)if \'result\' in res.keys: res = res[\'result\'] if (res !=0) or (len(res) != 0):print "\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Number Of Group: ", "\033[1;31;40m%d\033[0m" % len(res)for host in res: print "t","HostGroup_id:",host[\'groupid\'],"t","HostGroup_Name:",host[\'name\'].encode(\'GBK\')printelse: print "Get HostGroup Error,please check !" def template_get(self):data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "template.get", "params": {"output": "extend",}, "auth": self.authID, "id": 1, })res = self.get_data(data)#[\'result\']if \'result\' in res.keys: res = res[\'result\'] if (res !=0) or (len(res) != 0):print "\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Number Of Template: ", "\033[1;31;40m%d\033[0m" % len(res)for host in res: print "t","Template_id:",host[\'templateid\'],"t","Template_Name:",host[\'name\'].encode(\'GBK\')printelse: print "Get Template Error,please check !" def host_create(self):hostip = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % \'Enter your:Host_ip :\')groupid = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % \'Enter your:Group_id :\')templateid = raw_input("\033[1;35;40m%s\033[0m" % \'Enter your:Tempate_id :\')g_list=t_list=for i in groupid.split(\',\'): var = {} var[\'groupid\'] = i g_list.append(var)for i in templateid.split(\',\'): var = {} var[\'templateid\'] = i t_list.append(var)if hostip and groupid and templateid: data = json.dumps( {"jsonrpc": "2.0","method": "host.create","params": { "host": hostip, "interfaces": [{ "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostip, "dns": "", "port": "10050"} ], "groups": g_list, "templates": t_list, },"auth": self.authID,"id": 1,}) res = self.get_data(data,hostip) if \'result\' in res.keys:res = res[\'result\']if \'hostids\' in res.keys: print "\033[1;32;40m%s\033[0m" % "Create host success" else:print "\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Create host failure: %s" % res[\'error\'][\'data\']else: print "\033[1;31;40m%s\033[0m" % "Enter Error: ip or groupid or tempateid is NULL,please check it !"def main: test = zabbixtools #test.template_get #test.hostgroup_get #test.host_get test.host_del #test.host_createif __name__ == "__main__": main 相关的材料的可以参考官方文档。这个只是一些功能模块，包含获取主机，主机组、模板、删除主机等功能，可以根据需要进行调整，实现 zabbix 的批量化和自动化管理。因为是在 linux 运行，所以设置了输出终端的字体颜色方便区分，如果不需要，自行删除即可。